Through the Wall

The Breaching Fundamentals

Reference · ATP 3-90.4

Breach Execution Sequence

Reduce · Proof · Mark · Report

Reduce: Clear the lane of mines and obstacles.
Proof: Verify the lane is clear — vehicle or dismounted.
Mark: Mark the lane using standard marking sets (panels, lights, tape).
Report: Report lane location and status up the chain immediately.

Door Breaching

Explosive

Linear / Strip Charge

Lock-Side Attack

Place linear charge on lock side of door, 2–3 inches from seam. Det cord or M112 C4. Fire from standoff. Most effective on hollow-core and standard residential doors.

Explosive

Hinge-Side Attack

Alternate — Reinforced Doors

When lock-side is reinforced or barricaded, attack hinges directly. Shaped charges or det cord wrapped at each hinge point. Door falls inward on detonation.

Ballistic

Shotgun Breaching

Breaching Rounds — Lock Defeat

Breaching shotgun rounds (frangible) at 45° angle into lock mechanism. 2–3 rounds. Used for speed and noise discipline — no detonation signature. Less effective on reinforced.

Wall Breaching

Explosive

Frame Charge (Mouse Hole)

C4 Frame — Man-Sized Breach

Construct frame from M112 C4 blocks sized to desired breach (min 24"x36" for personnel). Place flat against surface. Det cord connect. For CMU block — 1.5 lbs/sq ft. Poured concrete — increase significantly.

Formula

P = CF × T × L × W

Charge Weight Calculation

P = pounds of explosive needed
CF = construction factor (CMU=1.5, brick=2, concrete=3+)
T = thickness (feet)
L × W = breach dimensions (feet)

Mechanical

Thermal / Rotary

Saw and Torch

Rotary saw with diamond or carbide blade for concrete and CMU. Thermal lance for steel-reinforced. Slower, lower signature than explosives. Used when collateral damage concerns prevent explosive breach.

Mechanical Breaching

Tool

Halligan Bar

The Hooligan Tool

Fork, adze, and pick. Fork attacks locks and hinges, adze pries gaps, pick penetrates. Paired with a battering ram (the "irons"). Primary entry tool for mechanical breach.

Tool

Battering Ram

Manual / Pneumatic

Manual or pneumatic ram for lock and hinge-side attack. Pneumatic rams (e.g., Hurst) apply 30,000+ lbs of force. Primary for reinforced entry points and vehicle doors.

Tool

Hydraulic Spreader

Jaws / Spreading Tool

Jaws of Life / spreader inserted at door seam. Hydraulic force defeats even reinforced frames. Used for vehicle entry and hardened door defeat. Requires power unit.

Minefield Breaching

Manual

Probing (Manual)

Bayonet / Probe Rod

Last resort. Probe at 45° angle, 10cm intervals. Maximum safe probing depth 30cm. Mark clear lane with engineer tape. Two soldiers probe simultaneously — one watches, one works.

Armored Mechanical Breach

Platform

D9 Armored Dozer

IDF/US — Obstacle Reduction

Armored Caterpillar D9 for obstacle clearing, rubble removal, and hasty breach lane creation. Not mine-protected but defeats wire, berms, anti-tank ditches, and debris obstacles.

System

Mine Roller / Flail

MCAB / Area Clearance

Mine-Clearing Armor Blade (MCAB) defeats AP and AT mines by detonation or displacement. Roller detonates pressure-fuzed mines. Flail chains defeat AT mines by blast. Vehicle-mounted, forward of hull.